Explains that prison department used prison regulations 2000 for the general principles of prison administration. States that holland, gina, "justices look at the execution of the mental ill". <>stream -By Izuoma Ibe, Nigeria Faces A Food Crisis And Other Challenges In 2023 -By Palash Kausher, In Nigeria; Go To Court Or Dont Go To Court -By Prince Charles Dickson, Root Causes Of Violent Conflict In Developing Countries -By Palash Kausher, Nigerias Sudan Question -By Festus Adedayo, Gravity As A Weapon Of War(PART 5) -By Joe Dauda, Lessons From Ukraine and Sudan -By Zayd Ibn Isah, The Energy Industry In Africa Vis-A-Vis Its Issues And The Way Forward -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Efe Osegohime, The Process Of Acquiring Licenses To Operate A Bank In Nigeria -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Abdulwasiu Mohammed, Service Quality in Nigeria: A Yielding Opportunity -By Femi Amosun, Urging CBN To Avoid Throwing Nigerians Into Another Round Of Cash Crunch As 31st December Beckons -By Isaac Asabor, A Review Of The Naira Doom -By Abdu Abdullahi, Poor Service Networks: Urging Banks Image Managers To Keep Customers Informed -By Isaac Asabor, Revive Educational Programmes In Nigerias Media Stations -By Mukhtar Garba Kobi, Lecturers, Superstitions, and Academic Decay on Campuses in Nigeria -By Leo Igwe, Teaching Profession To Be Nurtured -By Babangida Basu Jibrin, Education Is Key -By Oyinlola Olamide Doyin, New Vision Institute of Technology: A Beacon of Hope for Nigerias Skill Gap -By Agbenu Esther Ochoga, Scrutinize Doguwas Quest For Speakership -By Fouad Ahmad, Nigerias Macabre Museum Of Political Assassination -By Kene Obiezu, To Adamawas Aishatu Binani And Yunusa Ari, Foul Play Is Fair Play -By Abdulkadir Salaudeen, Tension In Sanwo-Olus Camp As Jandor Pushes To Reclaim Mandate -By Isaac Asabor, Bayelsa State: A Tale Of Two Governorship Primaries -By Oweigha Julius, The Legal Risk Of The Use Of Information And Communication Technology (ICT) By Organisation And The Regulatory Framework -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Victor Atang, The Administration Of Wills Under The Islamic Law System In Nigeria -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Lilian Eku, Legal Framework For Combating Fraudulent Investment Schemes In The Nigerian Capital Market -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Betseabasi Eyo, Competent And Compellable Witness Under The Nigerian Evidence Act -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Joy Ayara, Corporate Restructuring; Merger And Acquisition -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Akejelu Attah Anthony, JUST IN: Kenya starts autopsies of starvation cult deaths, [JUST IN] May Day: Ill pay workers living wage Tinubu, What President Buhari has achieved in eight years Presidency, [REVEALED] May Day: Why workers dont like to obey laws in Nigeria Ngige, UPDATE: Why I see Man City dropping points before season ends Arteta, UPDATE: Were back, says Mueller after Bayern return to league summit, BREAKING: Man City go top after 2-1 win at Fulham, BREAKING: Sheikh Jassim, Ratcliffe make final bids for Man United, BREAKING: 4-time Olympian, Milorad Cavic to conduct swimming clinics in Lagos, Abuja. 8 0 obj The English Quaker William Penn abolished the death penalty for most crimes in 18 0 obj Explains that education : a discussion of race and gender. xS* Coauthor of. The death penalty began to be reinstated slowly, but the rate of executions Opines that this is a real situation in venezuela where 93 men and women are in prison. <>stream WebAlmost all juveniles commit at least one delinquent act before turning 18, but most are never arrested. JUVENILE SENTENCING IN NIGERIA AND THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK It is not based on age limit, but more of the responsibility and the circumstances of the Transfer of Juvenile Cases to Criminal Court. 2000 Sep;14(3):380-400. doi: 10.1037//0893-3200.14.3.380. endstream Corrections? The site is secure. Compares the cost of the death penalty versus life imprisonment, stating that it is more expensive than keeping a criminal imprisoned for life without parole. Today, there are generally five methods of execution used in the US. Juvenile justice | Definition, Systems, History, & Debate 20 0 obj Juvenile Sentencing In Nigeria And The Legal Framework -By Opines that the death penalty is not the best way to ensure public safety. Explains that in respect of muslim prisoners, any person who has been issued with "tauliah" under any law relating to the administration of islamic laws. Vacca, J. S. (2004). Explains that the aid temperature rose as high as 123 degrees fahrenheit. According to Section 30 of the Criminal Code Act, there are only two circumstances in which a child under the age of 11 cannot be deemed legally guilty or responsible; : In the Nigerian case of Labinjo v. Abake[1], the Court held that a person under the age of 21 is a minor and therefore lacks the capacity for contractual obligations. A child above 12 is fully responsible for his actions; Click here to unlock this and over one million essays, Juveniles in Adult Prisons When thinking in terms of the juvenile justice system, it is just the integral part of the criminal justice system. endobj The model was soon adopted in other countries such as Canada and Great Britain (1908), France (1912), Russia (1918), Poland (1919), Japan (1922), and Germany (1923). <> Explains that the officer-in-charge shall make arrangements for the conduct of religious or moral education for prisoners under his charge. The judgment of the Code of Conduct Court can be appealed to the Court of Appeal. (2003). the us is one of six countries which executes people who were under 18 years-old at the time of their crimes. <>stream <>stream When discussing each part of this paper, I tried to get as much as information as possible to highlight Nigerias Juvenile Justice System. CHILDREN IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN GHANA 21 3.1 Jurisdiction and Composition of the Juvenile Courts 23 3.2 Juvenile Court Environment 24 3.3 Case Management Practices 25 3.4 Age Determination 26 3.5 Bail Hearings 28 The presiding judge and two social workers, one amongst whom must be female, comprise the board of directors. both sides seem to be able to crunch the numbers and make strong, if somewhat wrong, arguments. Virtual Appointments. The English youth courts exercise jurisdiction over offenders aged 10 (the minimum age of criminal responsibility) to 16. In 1993, while only 15% of the juvenile population was black, black youths were involved in 28% of all arrests and 50% of all violent crime arrests. endobj Narrates how a man who served 23 years for murder lost count of how many inmates he had. Explains that prisons are institutions that place physical confined for individuals who have been charged with a criminal offense. %PDF-1.5 Data are presented to discuss the current status of juvenile delinquency in Nigeria and the appropriateness of applying Western theories of delinquency causation to the Nigerian experience. Drawing on the lessons generated by such initiatives, this article makes Explains that the united states bureau of prisons handles two hundred and thirty-nine juveniles and their average age is seventeen. Epub 2020 Dec 5. Nigeria also has consulates in Atlanta and New York City. 16 0 obj much debate continues in the us as to whether it constitutes an appropriate punishment. Thus, a child below the age of 7 is not criminally responsible for any act or omission. Opines that maher's way out of this life is an education. The first court dedicated to cases involving delinquent children was a success, which led to the creation of other juvenile courts, known colloquially as childrens courts or family courts, in other states. Explains baicker, katherine, "the budgetary repercussions of capital convictions". Explains that the bureau of justice statistics began keeping statistics on capital punishment nationwide from 1930 until 1967. the supreme court ruled that cp laws were arbitrary and capricious and constituted cruel and unusual punishment. Opines that america still leads industrialized world in handgun homicide, despite gains made since brady law. Explains ronald l. akers' theories of crime and deviance. Describes the 40,500 people living in a city where guards can choose between accepting bribes or dying. WebExtant revised NJC Guidelines and Procedural rules for the appointment of Judicial Officers of all superior courts of record in Nigeria are as follows: Read More. The Colonial Children and Young Persons Act (CYPA), which was initially designed to apply only to the colony of Lagos, is the primary piece of legislation in Nigeria that governs the juvenile justice system. Opines that minorities are treated fairly in the justice system. Analyzes king, michael's article, "execution vs. treating the ill". Pinderhughes EE, Dodge KA, Bates JE, Pettit GS, Zelli A. J Fam Psychol. endobj HIERARCHY OF COURTS IN NIGERIA | TYPES OF COURTS IN NIGERIA [5] Thus, the Family Court is vested with exclusive jurisdiction in matters relating to children. Opines that we must consider whether we and our loved ones are more at risk of being murdered or being executed for committing murder. The chairman and other members of the court are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council. The .gov means its official. Opines that prisoner books of religious observance and instruction or any other religious articles recognised for his denomination shall be available for personal use. R It is the 3rd in rank of courts in Nigeria. <>stream endobj The United States Bureau of Prisons handles two hundred and thirty-nine juveniles and their average age is seventeen. <> Importantly, the Childs Right Act established a child justice administration system for the administration of juvenile justice. Juvenile Explains that capital punishment has existed in the us since colonial times. The court is established by the House of Assembly. Thus, a juvenile who commits an offense will come before the youth court in one of two ways: criminal proceedings or care proceedings. endobj R felons. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Explains that the 1960s was a year of independence and there were many events that changed in the juvenile justice system. It is composed of the President of the National Industrial Court and is divided into multiple judicial departments for administrative convenience. Embassy of the Republic of Nigeria 3519 International Court, N.W. Argues that death penalty supporters argue that the concern should be in saving the lives of potential victims, not protecting the rights of the criminals. National Library of Medicine The Code of Conduct Bureau and Tribunal deal with corruption complaints made against civil public officeholders. Careers. in 1994, the state of texas executed robert nelson drew even after another man confessed to the murder. Explains that capital punishment remains controversial and heavily debated on both philosophical (moral) grounds as well as on a strictly financial basis. endstream Explains that death penalty opponents feel that it leads to an increase in crime because it desensitizes people to violence and sends the message that violence is an acceptable means of resolving conflicts. they have the right to an educated lawyer since they are not aware of how the criminal justice system functions. A comprehensive definition of Juvenile delinquency refers to any criminal offense done by a person classified as a juvenile but which, if committed by an adult, would be considered a crime or criminal conduct. Describes the crimes reported by the police: homicide. inmates receiving mental health treatment in state correctional facilities. Rights of the Child in Nigeria Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies the daily home. <>stream Opines that capital punishment will continue to be controversial as long as it exists because it polarizes people's views and allows for wide interpretation of its legal, moral and financial legitimacy. Opines that a handful of executions per year will not have any real deterrent effect especially on the people who society would most like to be. x+ | xS* Mr. Justice Nwali Sylvester Ngwuta was born in 1951 in Amofia-Ukawu, Onicha Local government Ebonyi State. Early jails were mostly dark, overcrowded, and filthy. Opines that educational classes should be arranged at every prison and reasonable facilities, under such conditions as the director general may determine, shall be allowed to prisoners who wish to improve their education by correspondence courses or private study, or practise handicrafts. A deep look into juveniles in adult prisons. Opines that the united states is one of the few countries in the world that executes juvenile offenders. Explains that there are several alternatives to the death penalty, including community policing, which is a strategy for utilizing police officers as people who solve problems by becoming an integral part of the neighborhoods they protect. they also have serious doubts about the fairness of the imposing of death sentences. National Assembly Election Tribunal: This involves petitions for elections in the Senate and House of Representatives. Cites markman as a former u.s. attorney general and gallup poll taken in 1995. Nigeria has not adopted certain for criminal responsibility. Explains that african-american defendants were almost four times more likely to receive the death penalty than people of other ethnic origin who committed similar crimes. The Customary Court of Appeal is chaired by the Chief Judge, who is assisted by other judges. The Court also accept appeals from industrial arbitration panels and all other employment matters in Nigeria. <>stream 0000003601 00000 n There are many individuals and groups that make up the criminal justice system, such as police officers, courts and prisons who are the pillars the Nigerian criminal justice system. It is ranked fifth in the Nigerian courts. The Nigeria Juvenile Justice System is the country that I chose to focus on while presenting my term paper. In short, the advantages of the Nigerian court hierarchy include the doctrine of case law, which stipulates the judgment of the Higher Court is binding on the lower court. A Juvenile is a term that can be used to refer to a child, minor, or young adult. It is provided for under Section 254A of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). Under legislation passed in the late 1960s, a care order mandated by the youth court could effectively transfer parental rights to the local authority. learning disabilities and delinquency : a study of israelis. Although such physical punishment is prohibited in many Western countries, it is still used in some parts of the United States and in much of the non-Western world. Juvenile Delinquency Among Adolescents in The Government Remand Homes, Lagos State Nigeria. <>>> -By Richard Odusanya, Low Hanging Fruits For Tinubunomics By Adebayo Sodade, Open Letter to the President-elect -By Garba Abdullahi Mustapha, NANCA: How quota system as practice in Nigeria is destroying Nigerian community in Austria By Uzoma Ahamefule, Referendum; The Alternative Remedy For Ethnically ill and Warring States -By Nweke Daniel, 10th Senate: Will Tinubu/APC Adopt Inclusivity Or Status Quo? Illustrates the varying costs at the trial level. This article follows those youths who are arrested on the pathway through the Juvenile offenders with four or more arrests are responsible for nearly two-thirds of all violent crimes and half of all property crimes referred to court. the irreversible death sentence requires courts to follow heightened due process in the preparation and course of the trial. A lock ( young and old, the convicted and unconvicted, or the sane and insane. In America, the word juvenile is used to define an age for a young person who commits a crime but in Nigeria there is no record or indication of the juvenile word on any documents that is used in the legislation. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Opines that some in favor of the death penalty feel that even if they were caught, they would be punished. Opines that heroin is plentiful but won't show up as readily on a drug test. A grounded look at the debate over prison- In other words, it describes someone who is not yet an adult. Despite the Muhammadu Buhari government implemented minimum wage for the civil servants in the federation coppers but up to date Nigeria, like Sudan, is almost evenly split into a predominantly Muslim North and a Christian South. endobj There are many ways that a child is classified in the criminal justice system in Nigeria. x+ | A common feature of these reforms is the strengthening of diversion programmes. x+ | endstream 3 0 obj The Juvenile Justice System in Nigeria was guided by the British so it is difficult to ignore or understand without knowing the colonials past. When the criminal justice was started it was to deter and punish offenders for disobeying the interest of the colonists. Analyzes amnesty international's "facts and figures on the death penalty.". Juvenile It further asserts that governments should attempt to make the procedures and structure of the juvenile court, as well as the disposition of the juvenile, more informal than they are in most countries today by establishing neighborhood courts of lay judges. endobj It is provided for under Section 277 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). Opines that discussing the morality of the death penalty is not complete without considering the families of victims. Most juvenile offenses are committed in urban areas and are property crimes. In addition to age, youth and adult courts are distinguished by the types of cases they handle, with youth courts hearing a much wider variety of offenses. Touch bases on several smaller issues that contribute to juveniles being in and effects of adult prisons. jurors. Explains that general criminological theory suggests that offenders are themselves victims of mental and societal ills and that a reduction in crime will benefit both victims and offender. JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF NIGERIA It has the largest jurisdiction under the Constitution of Nigeria in civil and criminal cases. The Childs Right Act is Nigerias most comprehensive piece of legislation addressing all matters pertaining to children. In Nigeria, we have Courts of General Criminal Jurisdiction and Courts of Special Criminal Jurisdiction. Legal systems in Nigeria: overview | Practical Law Of all delinquency cases referred to juvenile court, approximately one quarter are dismissed or diverted for handling outside the court process. endstream Explains that the belief in murder is based on the assumption that it is only fair that if murder occurs. It is provided for under Section 280 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). 0000002569 00000 n official website and that any information you provide is encrypted endstream Explains that death penalty supporters feel that the likelihood of an innocent person being put to death is very low due to the safeguards in place. endstream However, the various courts established in Nigeria can only exercise their responsibility to adjudicate in accordance with the jurisdiction granted to it by the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Explains that the public defenders receive $0.50 an hour pay for 2000 hours. Learn how your comment data is processed. 45 0 obj Psychiatric disorders among detained youths: a comparison of youths processed in juvenile court and adult criminal court. % It was followed in 2000 by the Criminal Justice and Court Services Act, which advanced the use of community service as a form of punishment.