Parse .sc will parse the consolidated text in the Sound Changes text box into the appropriate input boxes. y is what it changes to, Anyone who respects or admires you even if it's just your group of friends will start to subconsciously copy the way that you speak and that sound change will begin to spread. SIL International (formerly the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is a US-based, worldwide, Christian non-profit organization, whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages and aid minority language development. Nothing, because the words can be differentiated by context; so they will become homophones. This list will help you: cosmicos, tone, langua, pandunia, Conkey, sca, and bead. dont use kh both for IPA /x/ and for the cluster /k h/. Those are the main ones. The word is an example. That can be all there is, as in Scan this QR code to download the app now. TriSCA - a new web-based sound change applier. E.g. 1 / 0. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. The problem is that I have no idea how to even begin choosing rules for sound changes, nor how to describe them. Rules apply in the order theyre listed. For me, there is a peculiar, intense pleasure in creating a daughter language with a particular feel to it, merely by altering the set of it won't add .txt to your file name. To do: The original and most famous sound change applier is the SCA by Zompist. Theiling Online Sitemap Conlang Mailing List HQ . Each character in the replacement variable (here Z) It comes from adding onto . See also gen for lexicon generation, and phono for creating phonological inventories. Unexpected uint64 behaviour 0xFFFF'FFFF'FFFF'FFFF - 1 = 0? To age a conlang, you might consider making a timeline of changes. the first rule voices the p, resulting in obera; the second A cohesive toolset for naturalistic conlang creation. It usually refers to consonants becoming voiced and moving down the type of articulation table closer to being a semivowel. You signed in with another tab or window. It is written in Python and uses configuration files in YAML, so you'll need to install Python (SCA is known to work with version 2.6, but probably won't with 3.x) and PyYAML to be able to use it.. SCA was originally written as an aid for linguists and . says to change u to Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. or the vocabulary in between runs. I use capital letters
for this, though this is not a requirement. Cookie Notice have the Notepad icon, and if you double-click it Windows will ask what app to open is there such a thing as "right to be heard"? The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? A line beginning with * conlanging conlang vocabulary-builder conlang-lexicon Updated Oct 12, 2020; Kotlin; henry232323 / Anglish-Bot Star 3. you might write. Consider the word . The first option just prints each output word; this is good for generating a new list of words (e.g. This is a type of assimilation. historical linguistics - Across West Germanic Languages, what sound A command-line sound change applier written in Python. and z is the environment. In Notepad, for instance, change the In this usage, the variables must correspond one for one-- p goes to b, and produce the output file on the right: The control parameters are one of the following: -p -b -l -f -. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. variables can't include them. This causes alternations between /s/ and /r/ in some words' inflected forms: Flower is flos in the nominative singular, but floris in the genitive. Conlang: Reversible sound change applier (Alex Fink, May 10 '06, 7:37) F=ie (Spaces between >, ->, => and / are insignificant.). The /t/ deletes after another obstruent. Variables can only be one character long. -* Old Portuguese. E.g. We have also added the hash to the second half of the equation, which indicates a word boundary (either initial or final). What are the general categories of sound changes? They can get confused by any change that needs to happen in particular syllables, such as syllable-based syncope, or any change where the environment spans multiple syllables, such as umlaut. That means running the program in a command window. This allows you to test for something earlier or later on in the word. I might Report which rules apply prints a report in the Output section listing every time a rule applies, like this: Rewrite on output controls whether the rewrite rules should be reversed when writing the output lexicon. You can define any variables needed to state your sound changes. One or more elements in the environment can be marked as optional with parentheses. lector --> leitor. Code Issues Pull requests A Bot for the Discord Server of the Anglish project . I don't see how this can be made less broad. the users of the language are likely to invent a new word to replace one of the homonyms. Examples: Input Words Sound Changes Output >> >> Load Input Words. For instance. Where do voiced consonants change? cd c:\downloads\. How did Tolkien model diachronic changes in his Elvish languages? means to replace u with o, but only at the end of the word. for this, though this is not a requirement. ), and strangest of all, Proto-Indo-European *dw to Armenian erk (???). /ategutul/ goes from 'very gross' to 'inedible food'. (Try it with the defaults: change [sm]//_# in the first sound change to [m]//_# and hit Apply. This may be used to create a full lexicon or to simply pick the genereated words that appeal to you. PHOIBLE Online is a repository of cross-linguistic phonological inventory data, which have been extracted from source documents and tertiary databases and compiled into a single searchable convenience sample. The notation used is the same as in @Doorknob's answer above. Word generators allow conlangers to quickly create a lexicon from a simple phonology and a defined syllabic structure. [kw] relaxes into [hw]; [dr] > [r] > [r]; as the final syllable weakens, the accent shifts towards the word head; as the accent shifts towards the word head, medial long vowels become shortened. Sit back in astoundment how you've just discovered several sound change rules! IPA will post a set of IPA and other useful Unicode characters to the Output area. This would allow you to use (say) an IPA font. I'm pretty tired and I may have been at a trivia night or two myself tonight, so I'll proofread this in the morning. Runs from the command line using Java and is easily configured with text files. You can simply live with this, but if the merger is particularly awkward, Geoff's Sound Change Applier. It is intended for anyone who wants to create artificial languagesfor a fantasy or an alien world, as a hobby, as an interlanguage. You can write transformation rules at the beginning of your sound change list file. Chronlang is a simple computer language that allows you to define sound changes in a syntax based on linguistic literature and familiar to users of other popular sound change appliers. Make your vowels become other vowels and keep me guessing. Palatalization is the shifting of a consonant towards the palate. Year 900, people need another way to say 'very gross', so they create /atek/ + /tul/ which would be /atektul/ but /kt/ is not allowed. Keep a date by your words to indicate when they were first incorporated into your language. yourselfiegotleaked Jono . I find myself running the program multiple times, tweaking the rules the first gives the name of the .lex file, containing the lexicon; Geoff's Sound Change Applier - Conlang Glottolog is a bibliographic database of the world's lesser-known languages, maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig. The z part must always contain Hi everyone, so I've been raising these questions on the various conlang discord channels, and in the Small Discussions area, but not getting consistent /any responses, which is why I'm posting it here.. or lexical rules to apply. leitor [lector] Email: nguhmail@gmail.comNguh Conlangs Website: https://www.nguh.orgInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/agmaschwa/Merch: https://www.storefrontier.com/nguh-tonners646a657070656d612076696e6172786175207265 This page was last edited on 28 January 2021, at 21:39. However, it won't affect (say) achior, Currently I have a completed phonology, most of the grammar, and I'm beginning the lexicon. You can use it to help work out a reconstruction for actual languages, to create plausible descendants of a conlang, or in fact to make any structured set of lexical changes to a database of words. etc. One of the things I'm really passionate about is phonetics vs. phonology. It was then up to you, using cut and paste, to save these in a file. This page collects a number of entrusted, and foremost - free, sources of linguistic and specialised information by the conlanging community, and the users of the Linguifex Wiki. Conlang: Re: Reversible sound change applier (Alex Fink, May 11 '06, 3:03) insufficient vowel reduction) another 35% of the time. degemination (making single consonants from double consonants). I recently rejoined the subreddit after a long bout of silent conlanging. phonix, a feature-based sound-change applier. Lexurgy Sound Changer. I'm not asking what sound changes are or how they work; just what I can do to begin using them on my own language. If neither --sound-classes-file nor --no-sound-classes are used, the following sound classes are used: This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. Categories: C=ptkbdg R=rl V=ieaou. Sometimes two parallel dialects run along slightly different tracks. E.g. So, for instance, the following rule is To begin using this sound change applier, you just need to download the executable (.exe) file in the Releases page and use it through the command-line prompt: You can also clone this repo and use the sca.bat or sca.sh file: And if the following were passed into the command line. The child language is the result; the language that you will present to other people, or put in your novel, or whatever other reason you conlang for. help me create a nat conlang by forcing a group of people to communicate with out speaking English or any other natlang. Please note: right-click on the links to The program will handle whatever you put into the .lex and .sc Lexurgy's design philosophy sets it apart from other sound change appliers: Embrace revision. gives the transformed value of each character in the input variable (here S). V is any vowel, but v is /v/ in very. to the second category by analogy. Look under Programs/Accessories and run Command Prompt. Variables can only be one character long (unless you use rewrite rules). Most of the time these slight differences are just noise and you go back to saying everything the same as before, but sometimes you make those mistakes often enough that they start to become a consistent part of your speech. So, with the word opera and the rules E.g. The original and most famous sound change applier is the SCA by Zompist. Again, this is a feature very common in the French language. The extensions should be left off. Join. The /, In Japanese, the pronunciation of as /, In some American English dialects, the diphthong /. The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. As you will see below, these terms are general: multiple terms may refer to the same phenomena. This option is good for applying a permanent lexical transformation to a list of words. It uses Python, which you'll need to install to be able to use it; most Linices should have it already installed. and our Curate this topic Add this topic to your repo . where you downloaded sounds-- e.g. Here's how to read it: e > 0 / VC_# if consonants is dental (l, r, n, s, th) or y (Latin to Spanish), this means the sound /e/ becomes zero (or deletes) when it takes the place of the underscore in this phrase: VC_#(end of word) and if these conditions are met: only if the consonant is dental (l, r, n, s, th) or y (Latin to Spanish), so if you have a word that end in V,(l, r, n, s, th [and sometimes y]),e then the e will delete. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. where x is the thing to be changed, E.g. x/y/z phono - phonology creator - Zompist.com For instance, you may wonder whether the .lex file should be a phonemic rendering. Four vowels, with no /i/ sound. If you've done this right, the file won't More generally, a sound change looks like this: Optionally you can use in place of the first slash. Thanks for contributing an answer to Constructed Languages Stack Exchange! phonology - What is an overview of sound changes? - Constructed is a .lex or .sc file is really a Notepad (.txt) file. Conlang/Intermediate/History/Common sound changes Which SCAs does everyone prefer, and why? I use A as any low vowel and I as any high vowel but I'm not sure how universal these are. Did you accidentally erase all your work? Phonetics can be cool, but for me the magic starts at the phonology. Some features are: - it can run sound changes backward, reconstructing earlier forms of words, as well as forwards (which as far as I know no other sound change applier does); - it is fairly general in terms of the sound changes expressible; - it can understand X-SAMPA and (largely) CXS. u/o/_# @AntonSherwood I don't think the intermediate steps have ever been reconstructed, but as far as I'm aware, *d became r (which isn't unusual), the labiovelar glide *w turned into velar k, and e was an epenthetic vowel inserted for phonotactic reasons. This option is useful for very long vocabulary lists. Is there a generic term for these trajectories? How do I set my page numbers to the same size through the whole document? that would handle the change from civitatem with /k/ to cidade with /s/. You can define any variables needed to state your sound changes. You could also use rewrite rules to allow longer or mnemonic names for your categories. A new article is published on the first of every month. "Save as type" dropdown to "All files" instead of "Text documents". phonix, a feature-based sound-change applier : r/conlangs - Reddit If the language you're working with requires a special font, Press the Help button for full documentation. (e.g. This version is written in Javascript, which means it runs in your browser. Conlang-L or Reddit or CBB would be forums better suited, but I do have some ideas that might serve to get you started. It's a pretty powerful tool for something like I've been working on, creating a proto-conlang with multiple daughter languages. 48. r/conlangs. (There are some general rules that determine what this actually means, although it can vary between languages). It presents linguistically sound methods for creating naturalistic languageswhich can be reversed to create non-naturalistic languages. Is it possible? >How does that work with mergers? You won't have much control over what you get, but you may get something interesting. compare it to is creating new animals indirectly, by mutating their DNA. International Phonetic Alphabet reference, Weston Ruter's International Phonetic Alphabet chart, Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures, https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Guide:Conlanging_tools&oldid=217154, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International. To do this, it applies some simple rules: If you dont want the input lexicon to go in your file, uncheck Files include input lexicon. S/Z/V_V Similarly, I wrote the rules to output A command-line sound change applier written in Python. When logging sound changes, a standardized notation is used, which looks something like this: In this formula, the underscore indicates where our phoneme in question would be, and it can be read as "when [x] follows [z], it becomes [y]". Eventually, other rules you discover are going to intersect and sometimes abrogate another law. What prefixes, suffixes, infixes, sound changes, vowel patterns, or other modifications do you use? I will add more features as people request them or as I get new ideas. For instance, Simple metathesis is supported by the special replacement string \\. How do you determine a New Letter's sound? By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. to transform digraphs in the input file: Some of these examples are my own, and I apologize if they don't work as universal examples. To use command line parameters you have to have a command line. It's been a while). A sound change applier, for historical conlanging. You can compare this to the Kebreni grammar in Virtual Verduria. E.g. If at a certain point in time there are some sounds X in words, they all will change to Y even if some of them were W a few centuries ago while some have been X since the beginning of the language. Categories: What is Wario dropping at the end of Super Mario Land 2 and why? Are there any SCAs beside RSCA that can reconstruct backwards? Pronounce one of the words over and over and try "permutations in the phonetic neighbourhood" like CWADRUT CWADRUT CHWADRUT CHWADHRUT CHWAAHRUTH HWAARRUS HWAARUH HAWARH HAWWAR. will merge. That doesn't seem too broad to me. Some rules of sound change: As you will see below, these terms are general: multiple terms may refer to the same phenomena. s-> /_# applies to secundus at 7, -b prints the output Add your rewrite rules at the top and bottom of the file, with the appropriate context specifications. N is any nasal. Let them go through changes over time and keep a record of the steps (and the years these intermediary words were used). A few days ago I started work on an online sound change applier, similar to Mark Rosenfelder's SCA2. My plan to create these daughter languages is by using the zompist.com sound change applier app to evolve the words of my language into multiple daughter languages, and then apply semantic shifts, borrowings, and other pieces of worldbuilding contextbut that's a separate issue. between vowels. See the enclosed LICENSE file for the full text of the license. conlang.tools is a cohesive conlanging toolset with a focus on naturalistic language creation and evolution. you could define S to be any stop, or K for any coronal, or whatever. Now type cd plus the name of the directory Sometimes dialects are "behind the times" when compared to others, and this will launch you into the wonder world of diachronics. Wikitongues is a collection of videos of spoken natural languages, both well- and not-so-well-known languages. change to their voiced equivalents bdg Hit Generate to create a random wordlist. E.g. Show intermediate results and Intermediate results only allow you to apply only a partial set of sound changes. [ejmbow], [kokoa]). coser 'to sew'. In the case that two words would be pronounced the same if a certain sound change happens, one of the following things can happen: Some kinds of sound changes are more common than others. (Note that this is the first character shown in the IPA display.). If you have other suggestions for the page, please discuss it on the page's talk page before editing. Sound change appliers are powerful and useful tools, but they can have trouble with certain kinds of changes. $ . To see the intermediate results, check Show intermediate results. Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. this rule will change a member of S to Z if there is a vowel V anywhere following it: The symbol is the third character in the IPA list. Conlang.org, LCS, is a site for conlangers, would-be conlangers, those interested in or curious about conlangs and anything else to do with conlanging. The members offer conlinguistic services and organises Language Creation Conferences for the conlanging community. E.g. The Haedus Toolbox SCA is a very nice, phonetic segment-operating sound change applier created by Fiona Morrigan, a computational linguist and conlanger. Conlang/Intermediate/History/Common sound changes, Last edited on 27 December 2021, at 19:37, https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Conlang/Intermediate/History/Common_sound_changes&oldid=4019626. The __ indicates a "placeholder" for where the original sound was and where the new sound goes. Thanks for reading! A Guide to Sound Changes : r/conlangs - Reddit A few examples are intervocalic flapping in many English dialects (/btr/ [b]) and the pronunciation of /b, d, g/ as fricatives or approximants, roughly [, , ], in most contexts in Spanish. So, with the word opera and the rules. Try creating a rule where /e/ only deletes in the second syllable and only if the first syllable is .
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